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Water System Schematic

A typical building hot and cold water system, drawn out. Click any numbered component — the rising main, cold tank, calorifier, TMVs, sentinel taps, dead legs — to see what it is, the check it needs, and how often.

Every legionella risk assessment under ACOP L8 starts with a schematic of the water system, because you cannot control what you have not mapped. This interactive diagram shows how the components of a typical system connect, and links each one to the routine check it needs under HSG274. Use it to learn the layout, then draw your own — your own schematic, with your own pipework, is the version that goes in your records.

MAINS SUPPLY RISING MAIN STOP TAP COLD WATER STORAGE TANK OVERFLOW + WARNING PIPE CALORIFIER STORE ≥ 60°C DRAIN VALVE HOT FLOW HOT RETURN COLD MAIN SENTINEL (NEAR) SENTINEL (FAR) TMV BASIN SHOWER DEAD LEG (CAPPED STUB) LITTLE-USED OUTLET

Pick a component

Select a numbered hotspot on the diagram, or use the component key, to see what each part of the system does and the check it needs.

How to use this schematic

The diagram shows the journey water takes through a typical building: in from the mains, up the rising main, into storage, through the calorifier, and out to the taps. Legionella control is about keeping that journey hostile to bacterial growth — cold water cold, hot water hot, and no water standing still. Each numbered component is where that control either holds or fails.

Your own building will not match this drawing exactly. That is the point of the exercise: ACOP L8 expects a schematic of your system, kept up to date as pipework changes. Walk the building, trace the pipework, mark every tank, calorifier, TMV, dead leg and little-used outlet, and note the sentinel taps you will take temperatures from. This page is a worked example to copy from, not a substitute.

It records, it never certifies

A schematic is a record of what the system is and where the risks sit. Drawing one does not make a system safe or compliant — the control comes from doing the checks, at the right frequency, and writing down what you find. Keep schematics, temperature records and service records for at least five years.

Recording your system

The schematic is page one of a legionella risk assessment. Our free template gives you the rest of the structure — the risk rating, the control measures, the monitoring schedule — following ACOP L8 and HSG274 Part 2.

Important This page is general guidance only. Legionella risk varies with the specific water system, its use, and the people exposed to it. You should consult a competent legionella risk assessor for advice on your premises. LegionellaCheck is an independent information service and is not affiliated with HSE, UKAS, the Legionella Control Association, or any water hygiene company. This site does not provide medical advice. If you suspect Legionnaires' disease, contact NHS 111 or your GP.